...
For an example see video ‘Popped Secrets’.
2 Key concepts and definitions
...
How can you make an inbred line?
How can you make an F1 hybrid line?
...
(see also assignment: 10 CROPS that look totally different) Name at least 5 traits.
4. Degree of domestication
...
This section gives background information on the selection of the species, background literature and data analysis used in the article. Not used as exam material.
4. Trends identified from the review of 203 crops.
Are crops still being domesticated these days? Give definition of domestication.
How many domestication syndrome traits can you find on average in a crop?
5. Life cycle
Annuals are the first plants that were domesticated (9000-400 years ago), with corn, wheat, rice as main examples.
...
How do these categories compare to Table 2
| Corn | Wheat | Rice | Table 2 |
Classification (mono/dicot) |
|
|
|
|
Life cycle |
|
|
|
|
Ploidy number |
|
|
|
|
Centre of Domestication |
|
|
|
|
Domestication traits |
|
|
|
|
Use |
|
|
|
|
Bienials occur later as domesticates around 3000-1000 years ago and their centres of origin are around circumboreal floristic regions (circumboreal climate). Why?
Give 3 examples of a biennial crop. What plant parts are used?
New domesticates are trees, that were domesticated the last 2000 years and this is mainly caused by a change in their reproductive strategy. How are trees propagated?
...
Why is the number of domestication traits in perennial fruit crops (trees) lower that in annual seed crops? (See also Tabel 3 for annual seeds crops)
6. Poidy Level
What traits are associated with polyploidy?
What is the difference between allo- and auto-polyploidisation?
What other advantages can a polyploidisation event have for domestication of a plant? Nam
What effect can polyploidisation have on the reproductive strategy? Do you know an example?
...
7. Reproductive strategies
How can you propagate a fruit with no seeds? Can you give an example?
How can you make a fruit with no seeds?
8. The Domestication syndrome
What is the most common domestication syndrome trait? Give example
What are the other important domestication traits? Give examples
9. Spatial and temporal trends
This section gives background information on global domestication processes. Not used as exam material.
10. Utilization of plant parts
Some food plants were originally exploited for other purposes than food. Give some examples of these plants and their uses.
Name some new uses of (food) plants.
Explain how plants originally domesticated for their edible seeds have new, additional uses today.
There is a strong connection between plant uses as food and medicine.
What percentage of food crops sampled in this study are used for medicinal purposes?
What number of crops were initially used as medicine but later incorporated into the diet as food? Give examples.
More information on plant breeding?
...