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In For horses the , stallions are approved for breeding if they live up to meet the standards that are defined set by the studbook. However, But the approved stallions do not necessarily represent a well-defined selected proportion. Not all male foals are selection candidates because not all owners are willing to present their colt (young stallion) at the stallion inspection. The selected proportion based on the number of colts selected in the stallion inspection thus may not represent the true selected proportionvary often in the number of matings realized. Some stallions will be much more popular and , consequently, will have therefore produce more offspring in the next generation than others. The accuracy of the selection depends on the available information and may differ per stallion. The accuracy of selection will depend on the information that is available and may differ between stallions. That can be taken into account when predicting the response to selection. In most studbooks all mares are allowed to breed. However, in horses we see that it are not necessarily only the best mares that are used for breeding. Some owners of a very good mare do not want to breed with her, and some owners of poor mares do want to breed a foal. In mares it seems a fair approximation that the selected proportion is 100%. Accuracy of selection generally also will be low because of the generally limited number of foals per mare. Altogether, the selection response will be limited and mainly realized through the selection of the stallions.