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Natural ventilation
Pad and fan
Mechanical cooling without CO2 supplementation
Mechanical cooling with CO2 supplementation
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Non-illuminated tomato cultivation in a modern glass greenhouse inShanghai, China
Scenarios 1 to 3 are without CO2 supplementation
The temperature setpoints are equal across scenarios (a consequence of RTR-based temperature control), as light conditions are equal across scenarios
A boiler on LPG in combination with a thermal screen is used for the low temperatures during winter
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Performance
The overall performance is , expressed in terms of environmental and economical feasibility and sustainability and some key numbers and sustainability, is compared in the Table table below.
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Conclusions
Scenario with lowest energy use:
Natural ventilation (4.1) logically requires the lowest energy use. Using cooling can increase energy use, variable costs and crop production significantly. When cooling is applied, pad and fan systems (4.2) require the lowest energy use but suffer from insufficient cooling capacity due to the high ambient humidity.Scenario with lowest CO2 emissions in future energy net:
The CO2 footprint is the direct result of the CO2 footprint of the local energy mix, as no fossil fuels were used for the operation of these greenhouses. In a fully renewable energy network, the CO2 footprint would remain zero across Scenarios. Water use is at the moment not included in the CO2 footprint of the greenhouse.Scenario with lowest CO2 emissions in current energy net:
The CO2 footprint is the direct result of the CO2 footprint of the local energy mix, as no fossil fuels were used for the operation of these greenhouses. In a mixed energy network, the CO2 footprint is proportional to the energy use. Water use is at the moment not included in the CO2 footprint of the greenhouse.
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Simulate
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