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The additive genetic relationship between two related animals is of great importance in animal breeding. Because, for example, the additive genetic relationship between a sire and a daughter is 0.5, they share 50 per cent of their DNA. This means that the traits of a sire have a predictive value for the traits of a daughter. The reverse is also true: the traits of the daughter maybe used to calculate the breeding value of her sire. Of course the heritability of the traits play in this respect a crucial role. For traits with a high heritability the additive genetic relationship between two animals has more impact in breeding than for traits with a low heritability. For instance, height of withers (with a high heritability of 0.6) of a mare is a good predictor of the height of withers of her daughter. However, the success of insemination has a low heritability of 0.1. This means that the predictive value of the insemination success of the mare for the insemination success of her daughter is low, despite that the additive relationship between the mare and her daughter is 0.5. Therefore, the The pedigree of an animal is very informative when you study genetic relationships between animals.
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DefinitionA pedigree is the set of known parent-offspring relationships in a population, often displayed as a family tree diagram. This can be used to derive the relationships among animals in a population |
Below you can find an example of a pedigree of a mare. This is a print of an official studbook as a certificate of the Dutch Studbook for horses (KWPN).
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