(Biomass can be used in its raw form or processed as chips, pellets, briquettes, etc. to provide both heat and CO2 in greenhouses by burning directly or converting to biofuels through thermo-chemical processes. The greenhouses can be enriched with the CO2 extracted from exhaust gases of biomass boilers
The main advantage of biomass boilers over natural gas boilers is their environmental sustainability and reduced carbon footprint. Here's a more detailed explanation:
Renewable Energy Source: Biomass boilers use organic materials such as wood pellets, wood chips, agricultural residues, or other biological matter as fuel. These materials are renewable resources, meaning they can be replenished naturally through sustainable forestry and agricultural practices. In contrast, natural gas is a finite fossil fuel that is not renewable.
Reduced Carbon Emissions: Biomass combustion releases carbon dioxide (CO2) when burned, but the carbon released is part of the natural carbon cycle. Trees and plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere as they grow, so when biomass is burned, it essentially releases the same amount of CO2 that was previously captured during its growth. This makes biomass combustion carbon-neutral or even carbon-negative when managed sustainably. In contrast, natural gas combustion releases carbon that has been trapped underground for millions of years, contributing to net carbon emissions and climate change.
Support for Sustainable Practices: The use of biomass boilers encourages sustainable forestry and agricultural practices. It incentivizes the planting and management of trees and crops specifically for biomass production, leading to healthier ecosystems and improved land management.
Energy Independence: Biomass can often be sourced locally, reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels like natural gas. This enhances energy security and can have economic benefits for local communities.
Rural Job Creation: Biomass production and processing can create jobs in rural areas, supporting local economies.
However, it's essential to note that biomass boilers also have some disadvantages compared to natural gas boilers, including potentially higher upfront costs, the need for a consistent supply of biomass fuel, and the potential for emissions of other pollutants, such as particulate matter. The environmental benefits of biomass boilers largely depend on responsible sourcing and sustainable management of biomass resources.
Ultimately, the choice between biomass and natural gas boilers should consider specific factors such as local availability of fuel, cost considerations, environmental goals, and regulatory requirements.)
The model uses a dedicated biomass boiler which produces constant heat, if necessary supplemented with heat from the CHP (if available) and conventional boiler. Biomass is considered a carbon-neutral energy source because the carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted during combustion is roughly equivalent to the amount absorbed by the plants during their growth. By utilizing biomass as a fuel, greenhouse operations can reduce their carbon footprint compared to fossil fuel-based heating systems.
However, about the sustainability of biomass is some discusson, mainly about:
The effect on climate: what is the CO2 effect on CO2 over time?
Damage to nature: does the harvesting of biomass cause damage to nature, such as the loss of forests?
Reliability: are sustainability rules for biomass strict enough and are they complied with?
Necessity: is biomass really necessary to make energy supply sustainable?
Contribution to energy balance and resource use of greenhouses:
()
Possible steps towards sustainable, energy-efficient greenhouses
()