Fifth, given the estimated breeding values of sires and dams, the actual selection of parents has to take place (5). The parents with a higher than average estimated breeding value will improve the breeding goal traits in the next generation. When for example a group of dairy sires with the highest breeding value for milk yield is selected as sires for the next generations, their daughters will produce more milk than the present generation of dairy cows. Proper selection of parents will give a positive selection response in the next generations. Selection creates progress in breeding goal traits. After the selection of the parents another choice has to be made: which sire should be mated to which dam? The choice can be made e.g. on base of the pedigree information available or on the traits of the sires and the dams.
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